Process Optimization and Quality Evaluation of Seabuckthorn Seed Oil Extracted by R134a Subcritical Fluid

Seabuckthorn is a shrub or small tree of the genus Aconitum, which is a black thorn and a sour thorn. The seabuckthorn area of ​​China accounts for about 95% of the total area of ​​seabuckthorn in the world. Planting seabuckthorn can improve soil and prevent soil erosion. Seabuckthorn berries are rich in nutrients and functional ingredients, and can produce fruit juice and fruit wine. The seed oil is rich in various unsaturated fatty acids and functional ingredients, and has antioxidant, liver and anti-inflammatory effects. A variety of biological activities.

Common extraction methods for oils and fats include pressing, solvent and carbon dioxide supercritical extraction. The pressing method has a low oil yield and requires high temperature treatment before pressing, which seriously damages the active ingredients in the oil. The solvent method mainly uses petroleum ether, n-hexane, acetone, ethyl acetate and other solvents to extract, but the operation process is cumbersome, the cycle is long, and the solvent residue in the product has safety hazards. The supercritical carbon dioxide extraction method is a new type of extraction technology. The extraction conditions are mild, the active substances in the product are less damaged, and there is no solvent residue. However, the method has strict requirements on equipment, relatively high production cost, and is difficult to scale.

Subcritical supercritical extraction has the advantages of mild operating conditions, low pressure requirements on equipment and low cost. Compared with solvent extraction, subcritical extraction has high efficiency, easy operation, simultaneous extraction and separation, and effectively shortens operation. Time, solvent recycling can also reduce environmental pollution. The report using R134a subcritical extraction only involves palm oil, krill oil, ginseng seed oil and pepper seed oil, and so on. It is rarely reported in seabuckthorn seed oil.