How to prevent non-disease egg laying in laying hens
In the production process of laying hens, unusually low egg production often occurs, especially in newly-opened laying hens and laying hens. In actual fact, the decline in egg production is not caused by disease factors in many cases, but due to the negligence of daily feeding and management. Therefore, the following aspects should be noted in prevention: 1. Nutritional aspects 1. Proteins and amino acids During the laying period, each chicken needs 15-17 grams of protein per day, 0.36 grams of methionine, and 0.80 grams of lysine. When the protein and amino acids in the feed are insufficient, the ovaries of laying hens will shrink, and the development of follicles will be blocked, so that the egg production will be reduced. It should be noted that in a hot climate, if the protein content in the diet is properly reduced and the amino acid content is increased, the use of protein and amino acids in the diet can be more effectively ensured. 2. Vitamin supplements Most vitamins are not self-synthesized by the chicken body. Some of them can be synthesized but they cannot meet the production needs of poultry. Thus, in daily production, people are accustomed to adding various vitamins in feeds to supplement the consumption of hens due to egg production and other reasons. However, when the rate of egg production rises greatly or the peak value is high and the duration is long, and the amount of vitamins is insufficient, the hen will have insufficient intake of vitamins, which will lead to disturbances in the physiological metabolism of the body and affect the production of eggs. Therefore, from the time of production to the peak of egg production, the amount of multivitamins in the feed should be appropriately increased to meet the needs of the flock. 3. Calcium, phosphorus supplements enough calcium can increase egg production and improve egg quality. In general, the daily calcium intake of each laying hen is about 3.8 grams. If it is excessive or insufficient, it will have a negative impact on the production of eggs. Excessive phosphorus will destroy the body's mineral balance, inhibit the absorption of calcium in laying hens, and thus affect the quality of the eggs. Therefore, during the production of calcium supplementation, the phosphorus intake should be appropriately reduced. At the same time can be added to the amount of vitamin A and vitamin D, in order to promote the absorption of calcium and phosphorus and alleviate the stress of anti-chicken diet in the calcium and phosphorus ratio of 4:1 is more reasonable. 4. Excessive or insufficient salinity in the feed Adding the appropriate amount of salt in the feed can promote the formation of hydrochloric acid in the gastric juice of the body and maintain the alkalinity of the digestive juice in the intestine, and promote the activity of digestive enzymes. When too much or too little salt is added, it will cause indigestion, loss of appetite, reduction of egg weight and decrease of egg production. When the amount added exceeds 3%, the flock may even die. Second, the environmental aspects 1. Climate change Eggs when the egg suitable temperature is 13 °C ~ 27 °C, the ambient temperature is too high, too low will affect the chicken's egg production performance. In the high-temperature environment, the physiology and metabolism of hens are disordered and the formation of follicles is blocked. Generally, the egg production rate can be reduced by 10% to 30%. In severe cases, the chickens suffer from heatstroke death. Therefore, in the high temperature season, various measures for sunstroke prevention such as feeding soda, vitamin C, and spraying chickens inside and outside the house and watering the roof must be taken to avoid heat stress. 2. Humidity Under suitable ambient temperature, humidity has little effect on heat regulation performance and laying performance of the chicken body. However, in a high-temperature environment, if the humidity in the air is large, it will hinder the broiler's evaporative heat dissipation and disturb the physiology and biochemistry of the chicken body. At the same time, the high-temperature and high-humidity environment is conducive to the growth and reproduction of pathogenic microorganisms and increase the disease. The incidence. In a low-temperature environment, if the humidity in the air is large, the heat capacity and thermal conductivity of the environment will increase, so that the radiant heat of chickens will increase, and the production of eggs will decrease. Therefore, the humidity of the environment should be reasonably controlled according to the temperature of the production environment. In general, the suitable humidity of the poultry should be maintained between 60% and 70%. 3. Ventilation of the house The hen's physiological metabolism is high and the respiratory rate is high. At the same time, the decomposition of chicken manure releases a large amount of harmful gases such as carbon dioxide, ammonia, and hydrogen sulfide. If the ventilation of the chicken house is not good at this time, these gases will accumulate in the house, stimulate the flock, reduce the disease resistance of the flock and the utilization efficiency of the feed, thus affecting the normal production of the flock, even Cause chicken disease. Therefore, the production of ventilation should be strengthened chicken house, regular cleaning of chicken manure, especially the closed type of laying hen house, it is necessary to have enough ventilation equipment to ensure that the chicken house air clean and fresh. 4. Adhere to daily sanitation and cleaning work. Clean up the floors, walls, roofs, coops, food troughs, and water pipes in the house. This can reduce the dust and microbes in the home environment. Such hygienic cleaning work should be carried out on a daily basis, so that the flock can be adapted to it so as to avoid stress caused by the cleaning work. 5. Disinfect chickens with chickens 2 to 3 times a day to kill bacteria and viruses on the surface of the chicken body, in the air and on the ground, and to clean the air. In addition to daily chicken disinfection, we must adhere to regular large-scale disinfection and disinfestation and rodent control in order to purify the entire environment. Third, pay attention to the rational use of drugs Many drugs will have adverse effects on the production performance of laying hens, such as: sulfa drugs, streptomycin sulfate and certain anti-coccidiosis drugs will affect the egg laying rate. Therefore, in the daily production, it is necessary to use as little or no drugs as possible that will affect the production of eggs. When it is unavoidable to use such drugs for laying hens, small groups of drug tests should be conducted before the whole group of drugs to prove that no adverse effects will occur after the whole group of drugs. When the drugs are administered, the instructions for use of the drugs must be strictly followed. Rational drug use, can not arbitrarily increase the dose of the drug and extend the course of treatment, and can be supplemented with other drugs that can alleviate the toxicity of the drug to reduce adverse effects. The causes of non-disease egg production declines are manifold, but sometimes it is only because one of these factors occurs that may lead to significant egg reduction. Therefore, a strict management system must be implemented in production, and daily production operations must be carried out in strict accordance with the established production technical regulations in order to ensure the normal growth of the flock. At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen the prevention and guardianship of various types of diseases to prevent the occurrence of diseases and to avoid causing greater losses.
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