How to manage cherries scientifically after harvest in the greenhouse
After picking the cherries in the greenhouse, if the management is not done properly, the leaves are prone to curling, aging, scorching and other problems. In addition, the damage of diseases and insects can easily cause early leaf fall. This is the critical period for cherry flower bud differentiation. If the leaves are aged or fall off prematurely, it will cause poor flower bud differentiation (small quantity and poor quality), and will cause the phenomenon of "second flowering", which will seriously affect the output of the second year . So how to manage the cherries in a greenhouse?
1. Fertilizer and water management after fruit picking
1. Scientific fertilization
Topdressing after fruit picking is also called "monthly fertilizer". The growth and development of the fruit and the differentiation of flower buds consume a lot of nutrients in the tree, and the tree vigor must be restored after the fruit is picked. Guoguang Pine Fertilizer should be topdressed in time to supplement the nutrients needed to restore tree vigor and flower bud differentiation. However, it should be noted that nitrogen fertilizer should be used less at this time. Excessive application of nitrogen will lead to excessive growth of branches and waste of nutrients. In addition, because the fruits and summer pruned branches and leaves take away a large amount of middle and trace elements, they can be supplemented with Guoguangluowei or strong to prevent the occurrence of nutrient deficiency.
2. Water reasonably
The cherry root system is not tolerant to waterlogging. Frequent watering or long-term rainwater in the shed will affect the normal growth of the root system and even cause the root system to rot.
In order to ensure the normal growth and flower bud differentiation of big cherries, appropriate watering or water control should be done according to the soil moisture. Ditch irrigation, pit irrigation, drip irrigation, etc. can be used for watering. Drainage ditch is dug in time to drain rainwater out of the shed in rainy season.
Second, control prosperity and promote flowers
1. Summer pruning
After the fruit is picked, the growth period pruning methods such as holding branches, cutting tips, and topping can be used to control the tree vigor and promote the differentiation of flower buds, but manual pruning takes time and labor, and it is easy to miss critical time.
2. Chemical control
For trees with excessive vigor, after picking the fruit, spray Guoguang Chlormequat, Mepiquat or Uniconazole for growth control and flower promotion. Chemical control has the characteristics of time-saving, labor-saving and easy operation.
In general, the combination of summer pruning and chemical control is a good way to control the growth of big cherries and promote the flowers.
Three, pest control
1. Disease control
After the fruit is picked, it is mainly used to prevent brown spot, anthracnose, and bacterial perforation. If the control is not in place, it will cause early leaf fall of the cherry tree. For brown spot disease, Guozhijian can be used to control, anthracnose can be controlled by prochloraz, difenoconazole, etc., and bacterial perforation can be controlled by ecumazole.
2. Pest control
The pests that damage cherry trees after fruit picking are mainly red and white spiders, scale insects, long beetles, etc., especially long beetles and scale insects that make cherry growers hate it. For scale insects, you can choose Guoguang Bizhi, Spirotetramat, etc. for control; red and white spiders, you can use Guoguang Dixieke (phenbutyltin·pyridaben) for control; for longhorn beetles, you can use artificial capture or in During the peak period of spawning, check the branches to kill the eggs in the spawning trough. The trunk is sprayed with Guoguang Songer liquid film to block or avoid longhorn beetles.
Four, shallow turn the soil
After picking the fruit, remove the black mulch in time, and properly turn the soil (less than 20 cm), which can improve the aeration of the soil, avoid soil compaction, promote the growth of the root system, and increase the utilization of nutrients. Be careful not to damage the big roots when turning the soil.
V. Exercising
After the cherries are harvested in the greenhouse, there is a big difference between the outside temperature and the temperature in the shed. If the film is removed too early or too quickly, the temperature will change too much, which will cause the tree to grow disorderly and affect the differentiation of flower buds. Therefore, it is necessary to perform ventilation exercise before the outside temperature is basically the same as the growth temperature of the tree in the greenhouse, and then remove the film after 15-20 days of exercise. The average outside temperature should not be lower than 15℃ when the film is removed, and the ventilation exercise time should not be less than 15 days. .
6. Resistant to adversity, preserves leaves, promotes flower bud differentiation
After the fruit is picked, due to the influence of high temperature and drought in summer, the water evaporation of the leaves is greater than the absorption capacity, which makes the big cherry leaves severely lose water, the leaves are curled, the edges are dry, and some even the whole leaves are scorched; and the high temperature will cause the big cherry pistils Excessive differentiation, the formation of "multiple births" phenomenon.
In order to reduce the impact of adverse weather factors such as high temperature and drought on the differentiation of cherry leaves and flower buds, the whole tree can be sprayed with Guoguang Power + Luokang after the fruit is picked to induce the expression of stress resistance genes in the cherry tree and supplement the nutrients required by the tree body, which is effective It reduces the phenomenon of leaf curling and scorching caused by high temperature and drought, and reduces the probability of occurrence of deformed fruits in the coming year.
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