Giant Succulents

Scientific name Melolntha hippocastanica Menetries Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae. Alias ​​Oriental May beetle. Distribution of Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Hebei, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan and other provinces. It is an important crop pest in western Sichuan.

Host corn, wheat, young trees, rape, peas, beets, potatoes and apples, trees and so on.

The larvae are harmful to corn, wheat, barley, potatoes, rapeseed, and pea seedlings.

Morphological characteristics adults large, females than males, females, wide, body length 28-33mm, body width 12-16mm; male long narrow, body length 26-32mm, body width 11-14mm. Body black, dark brown or brown, often dark brown metal flash, coleoptera, tentacles and below the full-foot brown or brown, elytra wings black or dark brown. The tentacles were 10 knots, and the males had 7 sections of lobe leaves, which were thick and curved, and the females had 6 sections of loquat leaves, which were small and straight. The head is densely engraved with small engraved points, and there are dense and straight villi on the engraved points. There is a small round engraved dot on the pronotum, thin in the middle and dense on both sides. There are yellowish-gray long fuzz on the middle of each side. The posterior horn is almost at a right angle and is prominent. Small scutellum half-oval. Each eridoid wing has 5 longitudinal ribs raised each other. The longitudinal ribs have dense and uniform engraved points. The engraved dots are gray and white, but they do not cover the background. The hip plate is densely engraved with small, flat, villi, and long erect fluff on the lateral margins of the ends. The end of the hip plate extends into a narrow protrusion, with the same width in front and behind, and the male is longer than the female. The yellow-gray hairs grow densely in the thorax and abdomen, and there are 2 male teeth and 3 females in the outer part of the frontal foot. Less fluff on the feet. There is a triangular white spot on each side of the abdomen. Egg white, oval, the initial length of 3,5mm, 2.5mm wide, after swelling, long 4. 5mm, width 3.6mm, egg shell with irregular twill. Large larvae, mature larvae body length 43-51mm. The head is light chestnut, and the chest and abdomen gradually change from milky white to yellowish white as the age of the worm grows. Each side of the front of the chest has a large, irregular brown spot. The bristles of the anal web have more short bristles, 28-28 in each row, parallel to each other, and arranged neatly, with the front slightly beyond the leading edge of the hooked area. Anal horizontal. The beak size is similar to that of an adult. It was golden yellow at first, then turned dark brown. The head is hidden under the chest. The chest is trapezoidal, with a pocket-shaped dent in the middle of the mid-chest and the web. The back of the chest is slightly protruding and the wings are tightly attached to the body. There are 4 longitudinal ridges on the forewings, covering the hind wings, and the hind wings only reveal the wing tips. Abdominal section 3. There are 9 knots on the back of the abdomen and 8 knots on the ventral surface. Section 9 tilts to the back and the ends diverge.

Living habits Sichuan Ganzi completed its first generation in 6 years. The larvae survived 5 winters and the adults overwintered once. Kangding completed 1 generation in 5 years. The overwintering adult began to excavate in early May and reached its peak in mid-May. In late May, mating and spawning begin. The egg period is 45-66 days, and larvae are hatched from July to August. In October, the wintering larvae gradually rose to the top soil in the first half of April in the following winter, and the overwintering larvae began to rise and feed on the topsoil. As a result, after 4 years, the larvae began to mature in late June and continue to mature in winter. The larval period lasts up to 58 months. From mid-June to early July in the sixth year, the larvae are used as earthworms in the soil, and the flood season is 60-72 days. From early August to mid-September, it became an adult. Adults did not exhume in the year and winter began in October. After the adult is unearthed, it flies to the apple and the nearby tree for feeding. The adult is unearthed on the evening of the sunny evening at 8-9 hours. When it flies, it emits a sound similar to that of an airplane motor. When the weather is cold or the temperature is lower than 12°C, the adult does not excavate or Less excavated. The distribution pattern of adults in orchards and forests is generally more forest edge than hinterland, with more ditch edges than wind slopes. Some daytime lurking in the branches and leaves feeding, the whole day can see the adult fly, the most abundant from 16 to 22 o'clock in the afternoon, mainly males looking for copulation of females, adults have feign death and phototaxis. The upper limit of the distribution is 4200m. Adults have multiple feeding and repeated mating. After copulation, the female adult has the habit of flying back to the original land for spawning. From June to July, the male and female adults died, and the adult life span was as long as 10 months. Female adults like to lay eggs in alluvial sandy loam, and there are few in sandy loam and sand and sand. Each female produces 14–47 eggs. Eggs are produced in the soil layer of 13–26c2n and are piled. Each pile has an average of 21 capsules. When the soil moisture content is about 20%, it is most suitable for the egg's life and development. The instar larvae mainly take humus and plant fibrous roots. Due to adult spawning piles, larvae have a cluster-damaging phenomenon in one year, and seedlings suffer more. In the five years of the larval stage, the first year did not harm or was very light. In the second to fourth years, the seedlings and crops were damaged. The earthworms were in the fourth year and the fifth year was lighter. The larvae live in the soil. Because of seasonal temperature changes, the vertical movement is obvious. It starts to move downwards in mid-October, and after mid-April of the following year, it begins to rise to the soil layer of 5-15cm. After the fifth winter larvae. In the 20-30cm soil layer as the soil chamber, soil chamber oval, length 2.4-2.7mm, diameter 1.9-2.3cm, mature larvae latent in them. Natural enemies include parasites, parasitic flies and crows, apes, eagles, and eagles.

See control methods for underground pests.

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