State-level pollution-free agricultural products
In June 2003, the Mingfeng Chinese sturgeon at Yuyao Mingfeng Fishery Company was recognized as a state-level pollution-free agricultural product by the country. This is the first pollution-free aquatic product identified by the country in Zhejiang Province. Prior to this, Mingfeng Zhonghua was successively awarded the title of “High Quality Agricultural Products in Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Famous Brand Products and Green Foodâ€. Yuyao Mingfeng Fishery Company has an aquaculture area of ​​600 acres, more than 8 million yuan in fixed assets, farming more than 20 species of aquatic products such as quail, turtle, shrimp, crab, and fish, and annual output of 320 tons of Chinese sturgeon and other aquatic products with an output value of 1,400. More than ten thousand yuan has basically formed a one-stop industrial system for production, sales, and sales. It is currently the largest Chinese sturgeon breeding base in Ningbo City, Zhonghua Chuangliang Cultivating Base, Zhonghua Cockroach Processing Base and Ningbo Green Agricultural Product Base. It is a technological demonstration household in Zhejiang Province and a top ten agricultural leading enterprise in Yuyao City. Products sell well inside and outside the province. So how does the pollution-free Mingfeng Zhonghuan come into being in terms of what kind of environment it produces? We hereby invite experts from the National Health Education Network, the Chief Engineer Zhao Chunguang of Mingfeng Fishery Company, and Shi Jianjun, Director of the Municipal Fisheries Technology Promotion Center, to share Several introductions.
The production environment of Mingfeng and Chinese sturgeon To ensure the health of consumers and achieve product safety and health standards, the company adopts HAPPC quality control management system to effectively control quality management from the source of production and every link in the production process. And check. The culture environment must meet the standards of the Ministry of Agriculture regarding pollution-free food. The specific project is:
1. Environment of production area Production environment In accordance with the requirements of the state's production environment for pollution-free agricultural products, we choose a tidal flat on the bank of the Qiantang River in Huangjiabu Town, a beautiful environment with clear air. There are no factories that pollute the environment. Any facility that can produce environmental pollution. It is the major production base of pollution-free agricultural products in Yuyao City in the new century.
2. Aquaculture water production of high-quality high-quality aquatic products must have high-quality aquaculture water sources. The water source of this breeding base is high-quality municipal No. 2 reservoir water. Through the inspection of provincial and municipal environmental protection agencies, the water quality indicators have completely reached the state’s relevant freshwater aquaculture. Water standard. During the cultivation process, non-polluting quicklime and biological products are used to regulate the water quality, so that the aquatic environment always maintains the quality range required by the pollution-free aquatic product standards.
3. Pond soil The pond soil here is the original Qiantang River alluvial land, soil has not been any pollution, so there is no any toxic and hazardous material residues. After the sampling inspection by the relevant departments of the provinces and cities, the various indicators in the soil quality of the pond have reached the relevant national standards, and some of them, such as mercury, cadmium, zinc, copper and lead, are still below the prescribed standards.
4. Test Management In order to effectively maintain and manage the production environment of Mingfeng and Chinese sturgeon, the company and related environmental protection agencies jointly developed a set of detection mechanism and management system to enable the quality of pollution-free Mingfeng and Chinese sturgeon to start at the source of the environment. Conduct effective monitoring.
The Breeding of the Parent Breeds of the Chinese Phoenix
Mingfeng and Chinese quail use the native wild Chinese sturgeon as the breeding parent, so the seedlings it breeds have the advantages of good shape, strong vitality, pure color, and delicious taste.
1. The choice of relatives will directly affect the growth and quality of offspring seedlings due to the good or bad affection. Therefore, the relatives used for breeding should be selected for more than 4 years of age and more than 1 kg in body weight. The females can produce more than 30 eggs and pods with no defects and no injuries. 2, intimacy cultivation
(1) The cultivation pond is an outdoor pond with a single pond area of ​​4000m2--5000m2 and a depth of 2m. There is a spawning ground on the north bank of the pond. The spawning site is 50 cm higher than the breeding pond surface, spawning ground is 1m wide and the length is 1/3 of the pool side length. In the spawning ground, 30cm of fine sand with a fineness of 1mm is the spawning bed, and the spawning ground is set with a canopy. In the cultivation pool, there are 2 grass barriers of 5m10m and 3 sundry platforms of 3m5m. The feed station is set on the slope of the pool on one side of the spawning ground. The feed station should be 20cm above the water surface. It is convenient to cultivate the drainage into the pool.
(2) The cultivation density of the cultivation density is one per 2 square meters of water surface.
(3) sex ratio collocation ratio is 5-6:1 for males and females.
(4) In order to stockpile the breeding ponds, the debris in the pool should be completely removed before stocking, and then 0.5kg/m2 dry clearing pond with quicklime and then 1.5m deep water. Before stocking, the carcass was soaked in 4% salt water for 10 minutes and allowed to swim in the water when stocking.
(5) The feed to be fed should be a well-known brand feed in the province that meets the industry standards of the Ministry of Agriculture. Prenatal culturing should be based on 50% of live bait on the basis of commercial feed. In-production breeding should add 40% fresh live bait on the basis of commercial meal. Postpartum cultivating should be based on the commercial meal supplemented with 25% live bait. Live feeds should be pulped before being added and then mixed into feeds and pelleted or fed. Feeding twice a day, that is, 6 o'clock in the morning, 6 o'clock in the afternoon, the feed rate is 3% of carcass weight.
(6) Water quality management In addition to preserving the water hyacinth in the pool during prenatal production, it is required to change the new water every 15 to 20 days in spring, and change the new water every 10 days in summer to change the amount of water in the original pool water. /3-1/2, change the time before 10 o'clock in the morning. The water quality should be light green with a transparency of more than 40cm. If PH7-8 is less than 7, the concentration of quicklime in the pool water of 50mg/l can be used to adjust. Postpartum should be divided into several times to replace the original pool water, and remove all debris in the pool to keep the water clean.
2. Wintering management The wintering period requires a new water change every 20-30 days, changing the water volume by 1/4-1/2 of the original pool water. During the winter, the dissolved oxygen (DO) in the pool water is required to be no less than 4mg/l.
The spawning hatch of Chinese quail in Mingfeng
1, spawning and picking eggs
When the temperature rises above 25°C in the spring, the relatives start spawning and spawning can be done 24 hours after spawning. When picking the eggs, first open the covered sand, then gently remove the eggs, and pick out the fertilized eggs that are white at the end, and make a record.
2, egg packaging
After picking out the fertilized eggs, they should be packed into the incubator in time, and the incubator box for filling eggs can be made of a non-perishable spruce board with good water absorption. Box square, side length 50cm, height 20cm. There are two ways to lay eggs. One is a sand-free hatching method. The bottom of the box is covered with a light sponge that is the same thickness as the bottom of the box and is then filled with a piece of the same area and thickness but with holes. Heavy body sponge, hole diameter 2cm, hole pitch 0.5cm, spread and then put the eggs into the hole one by one, when the fertilization white point up, when filled with a piece of thickness and area covered with the same light Body sponges. There should be a certain humidity in front of the cover of the light body foam, and the standard should not be squeezed out by hand.
The other is a sand hatching packing method. Before packing, the bottom of the box is covered with 3cm thick sand, then two layers of eggs are laid, and the egg is 0.5cm apart. The particle size requirement of fine sand should not exceed 1mm, and the humidity of the sand should be pinched by hand to loosen.
3, hatching
Incubation takes place in an artificially controlled incubator, which requires insulation, moisturization, ventilation, and ease of operation. There should be warming, humidity control and ventilation facilities in the room. The ground should be set Miao ditch, ditch depth 30cm, width 30cm, 15cm fine sand in the ditch, sand particle size with hatching. During incubation, it is required that the room temperature be maintained at 30°C-32°C and humidity 70%--75%. The incubator should be placed on both sides of the hatchery room and set on the sides of the Miao ditch. When it is released, it should be multi-layered, that is, 3 to 5 layers. When stacked, the upper and lower boxes should be separated by 5cm, the plane group distance should be 20cm, and the two groups should be one line. 50cm. During the incubation period, it should be replaced once every 5-7 days. The general incubation time is 43-45 days. The total accumulated temperature is about 36000°C.
4, child care and leisure
Freshly hatched juveniles must be kept in pots for 24 hours. The raised bowls can be used in plastic pots with a diameter of 1m and a height of 30cm. Put fine sand in the basin 10cm, and fill the water to 2cm. The stocking density is 200 per pot, and the temperature of the raising shall be the same as the temperature in the breeding greenhouse. After 24 hours of conservation, they can be moved to a nursery for breeding. (to be continued)
The production environment of Mingfeng and Chinese sturgeon To ensure the health of consumers and achieve product safety and health standards, the company adopts HAPPC quality control management system to effectively control quality management from the source of production and every link in the production process. And check. The culture environment must meet the standards of the Ministry of Agriculture regarding pollution-free food. The specific project is:
1. Environment of production area Production environment In accordance with the requirements of the state's production environment for pollution-free agricultural products, we choose a tidal flat on the bank of the Qiantang River in Huangjiabu Town, a beautiful environment with clear air. There are no factories that pollute the environment. Any facility that can produce environmental pollution. It is the major production base of pollution-free agricultural products in Yuyao City in the new century.
2. Aquaculture water production of high-quality high-quality aquatic products must have high-quality aquaculture water sources. The water source of this breeding base is high-quality municipal No. 2 reservoir water. Through the inspection of provincial and municipal environmental protection agencies, the water quality indicators have completely reached the state’s relevant freshwater aquaculture. Water standard. During the cultivation process, non-polluting quicklime and biological products are used to regulate the water quality, so that the aquatic environment always maintains the quality range required by the pollution-free aquatic product standards.
3. Pond soil The pond soil here is the original Qiantang River alluvial land, soil has not been any pollution, so there is no any toxic and hazardous material residues. After the sampling inspection by the relevant departments of the provinces and cities, the various indicators in the soil quality of the pond have reached the relevant national standards, and some of them, such as mercury, cadmium, zinc, copper and lead, are still below the prescribed standards.
4. Test Management In order to effectively maintain and manage the production environment of Mingfeng and Chinese sturgeon, the company and related environmental protection agencies jointly developed a set of detection mechanism and management system to enable the quality of pollution-free Mingfeng and Chinese sturgeon to start at the source of the environment. Conduct effective monitoring.
The Breeding of the Parent Breeds of the Chinese Phoenix
Mingfeng and Chinese quail use the native wild Chinese sturgeon as the breeding parent, so the seedlings it breeds have the advantages of good shape, strong vitality, pure color, and delicious taste.
1. The choice of relatives will directly affect the growth and quality of offspring seedlings due to the good or bad affection. Therefore, the relatives used for breeding should be selected for more than 4 years of age and more than 1 kg in body weight. The females can produce more than 30 eggs and pods with no defects and no injuries. 2, intimacy cultivation
(1) The cultivation pond is an outdoor pond with a single pond area of ​​4000m2--5000m2 and a depth of 2m. There is a spawning ground on the north bank of the pond. The spawning site is 50 cm higher than the breeding pond surface, spawning ground is 1m wide and the length is 1/3 of the pool side length. In the spawning ground, 30cm of fine sand with a fineness of 1mm is the spawning bed, and the spawning ground is set with a canopy. In the cultivation pool, there are 2 grass barriers of 5m10m and 3 sundry platforms of 3m5m. The feed station is set on the slope of the pool on one side of the spawning ground. The feed station should be 20cm above the water surface. It is convenient to cultivate the drainage into the pool.
(2) The cultivation density of the cultivation density is one per 2 square meters of water surface.
(3) sex ratio collocation ratio is 5-6:1 for males and females.
(4) In order to stockpile the breeding ponds, the debris in the pool should be completely removed before stocking, and then 0.5kg/m2 dry clearing pond with quicklime and then 1.5m deep water. Before stocking, the carcass was soaked in 4% salt water for 10 minutes and allowed to swim in the water when stocking.
(5) The feed to be fed should be a well-known brand feed in the province that meets the industry standards of the Ministry of Agriculture. Prenatal culturing should be based on 50% of live bait on the basis of commercial feed. In-production breeding should add 40% fresh live bait on the basis of commercial meal. Postpartum cultivating should be based on the commercial meal supplemented with 25% live bait. Live feeds should be pulped before being added and then mixed into feeds and pelleted or fed. Feeding twice a day, that is, 6 o'clock in the morning, 6 o'clock in the afternoon, the feed rate is 3% of carcass weight.
(6) Water quality management In addition to preserving the water hyacinth in the pool during prenatal production, it is required to change the new water every 15 to 20 days in spring, and change the new water every 10 days in summer to change the amount of water in the original pool water. /3-1/2, change the time before 10 o'clock in the morning. The water quality should be light green with a transparency of more than 40cm. If PH7-8 is less than 7, the concentration of quicklime in the pool water of 50mg/l can be used to adjust. Postpartum should be divided into several times to replace the original pool water, and remove all debris in the pool to keep the water clean.
2. Wintering management The wintering period requires a new water change every 20-30 days, changing the water volume by 1/4-1/2 of the original pool water. During the winter, the dissolved oxygen (DO) in the pool water is required to be no less than 4mg/l.
The spawning hatch of Chinese quail in Mingfeng
1, spawning and picking eggs
When the temperature rises above 25°C in the spring, the relatives start spawning and spawning can be done 24 hours after spawning. When picking the eggs, first open the covered sand, then gently remove the eggs, and pick out the fertilized eggs that are white at the end, and make a record.
2, egg packaging
After picking out the fertilized eggs, they should be packed into the incubator in time, and the incubator box for filling eggs can be made of a non-perishable spruce board with good water absorption. Box square, side length 50cm, height 20cm. There are two ways to lay eggs. One is a sand-free hatching method. The bottom of the box is covered with a light sponge that is the same thickness as the bottom of the box and is then filled with a piece of the same area and thickness but with holes. Heavy body sponge, hole diameter 2cm, hole pitch 0.5cm, spread and then put the eggs into the hole one by one, when the fertilization white point up, when filled with a piece of thickness and area covered with the same light Body sponges. There should be a certain humidity in front of the cover of the light body foam, and the standard should not be squeezed out by hand.
The other is a sand hatching packing method. Before packing, the bottom of the box is covered with 3cm thick sand, then two layers of eggs are laid, and the egg is 0.5cm apart. The particle size requirement of fine sand should not exceed 1mm, and the humidity of the sand should be pinched by hand to loosen.
3, hatching
Incubation takes place in an artificially controlled incubator, which requires insulation, moisturization, ventilation, and ease of operation. There should be warming, humidity control and ventilation facilities in the room. The ground should be set Miao ditch, ditch depth 30cm, width 30cm, 15cm fine sand in the ditch, sand particle size with hatching. During incubation, it is required that the room temperature be maintained at 30°C-32°C and humidity 70%--75%. The incubator should be placed on both sides of the hatchery room and set on the sides of the Miao ditch. When it is released, it should be multi-layered, that is, 3 to 5 layers. When stacked, the upper and lower boxes should be separated by 5cm, the plane group distance should be 20cm, and the two groups should be one line. 50cm. During the incubation period, it should be replaced once every 5-7 days. The general incubation time is 43-45 days. The total accumulated temperature is about 36000°C.
4, child care and leisure
Freshly hatched juveniles must be kept in pots for 24 hours. The raised bowls can be used in plastic pots with a diameter of 1m and a height of 30cm. Put fine sand in the basin 10cm, and fill the water to 2cm. The stocking density is 200 per pot, and the temperature of the raising shall be the same as the temperature in the breeding greenhouse. After 24 hours of conservation, they can be moved to a nursery for breeding. (to be continued)
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