Early summer apples are handled like this
The summer has already entered, and the apples have fallen flowers and set fruits, the young fruits have grown and expanded, and the new shoots are prosperous. This is a critical period for fertilization, as well as an important period for fruit thinning and pruning.
1. Supplementing fertilizer
1. Promoting root fertilizer
From May to June, the growth of new shoots ceases, and the root growth of apple trees enters the second peak period. Some fertilizers that promote root growth, such as amino acids, humic acid, alginic acid, etc., must be applied to promote root growth and benefit The root system's absorption of soil nutrients.
2. Phosphate fertilizer
From May to June, it is the critical period of apple flower bud differentiation. The so-called "no phosphorous, no flowers". Appropriate phosphorus supplementation during this period can promote flower bud differentiation.
3. Calcium fertilizer
(1) Calcium plays an important role in the growth of fruit trees. It can smooth the skin of the fruit, increase its hardness, and avoid physiological diseases such as fruit drop, fruit cracking, and sunburn before harvesting. May is the young fruit growth period of apples. During this period, calcium fertilizer should be appropriately supplemented to ensure the healthy growth of the fruit and avoid the occurrence of fruit physiological diseases.
(2) Calcium supplementation can effectively prevent apple bitter pock. From after flowering to before bagging, it is a critical period for calcium supplementation. During this period, calcium fertilizer should be supplemented 2~3 times, and water-soluble roots can be applied. Calcium fertilizer, or spray high-quality liquid calcium fertilizer on leaves and fruits, can also be a combination of the two. Every 10 days or so.
Second, fruit thinning
After the apple is set, the fruit should be thinned in time and reasonable load, and the number of fruits should be determined according to the target output. Generally, 10,000 to 15,000 fruits per mu are retained, depending on the tree vigor and the fertility of the orchard.
Fruit thinning method:
Leave the fruit on both sides and underneath of the branch, and remove the fruit on the back of the branch or on the back. Medium-sized fruits keep one fruit 20 cm apart, large ones keep one fruit 25 cm apart; keep tall and large fruits to remove small and deformed fruits; single fruit keep central fruit, double fruits keep symmetrical fruits, so that the fruits are evenly distributed on the tree.
Three, branch management
1. Pruning
The summer cut of apple trees is to adjust the tree structure and balance the tree vigor. Improve the ventilation and light conditions through pruning, so that the branches and fruits have sufficient light and good ventilation; reduce the consumption of nutrients by useless branches and ensure sufficient nutrient supply for the fruits.
Method: Cut the upright branches, leggy branches, dense branches through the inside of the apple tree, and competing branches at the periphery of the canopy from the base; thinning out and retracting the weak perennial branches.
2. Twisted tip
Twisting the shoots can change the growth of the branches to promote flower formation.
Method: When the new shoot grows to about 20cm and is in a semi-lignified state, gently twist the upper tender shoot downwards at about 5cm from the base to make the branches droop, and then fix them on the branches.
3. Circumference
Ring cutting can promote the formation of flower buds and promote early fruiting of young trees.
Method: Circumcision is carried out at 15-20 cm from the middle part of the backbone branches or the smooth part of the lateral branches. Make a circle with a knife. Do not use too much force. Cut off the phloem on the bark and do not damage the xylem.
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