Common pest and disease maps and control methods for citrus cultivation
Root rot
Leaf yellow disease
Flower disease
Branch disease
Chen Xiaoyan text / map
Citrus Huanglongbing occurred as early as 1870 in the area of ​​Shantou City, Guangdong Province. In 1920, South Africa discovered Huanglongbing. In 2004, Brazil, 2005 in Florida, and Latin America in 2007, Huanglong was reported. In recent years, California has also been Found Huanglong disease.
The cause of Huanglongbing is originally a bacterium, and it has a fattening effect. It is also said to be a viral disease or a viroid. In 2003, the Citrus Research Institute of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region cooperated with the US Department of Agriculture to complete the DNA sequencing of Huanglongbing in Guangxi for the first time. The pathogenic bacteria were rickettsial-like bacteria and were located as bacteria. At first, Huanglong disease is called green fruit disease in Africa, India is called blight, and Taiwan is called blight. In fact, it is yellow spot disease in English. Because the Chinese discovered early and published the earliest articles, the whole world called them Huanglongbing.
The typical symptoms of citrus Huanglongbing are leaf yellow, flower aberration, soft fruit, sour taste, short tip, crisp branch, root rot. If not controlled, the orchard will be basically destroyed in 3~5 years. Because of the citrus Huanglong disease, the citrus industry has been ups and downs in China. The citrus industry in Guangdong is known as the three-three-three decline, and Guangxi is also the same. The planting area of ​​navel orange in Ganzhou City of Jiangxi Province is 1.7 million mu, accounting for 44% of China's navel orange planting area. As of April 15, 2014, 10.8 million trees were cut due to Huanglong disease, and the rate of tree felling reached 15%. The situation of cutting and cutting again.
The areas dominated by citrus are the result of the government's leading efforts for decades. Farmers have built a complete system of planting, management and sales. For example, the navel orange industry in Zhangzhou is the last one. Government-led results in the 1990s. At that time, it was stipulated that all leading cadres must take the lead in planting navel oranges, which led to the development of the entire navel orange industry in Zhangzhou. Nowadays, the market is more regulated, and the farmers are reverting to other industries. What kind of farming, how to grow, and where to sell are all big people's livelihood problems. Therefore, the transformation of the ward is to cut down trees and develop other industries, which can only be partially adjusted and should not be widely promoted. Comprehensive prevention and control, seeking efficient, ecological, environmentally-friendly control of R & D and production and teaching farmers to use correctly, is an effective way to completely contain Huanglong disease.
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