Advantages of raising dairy farming efficiency in summer
Reducing solar heat during the hot summer season, cows stay in the barn, under the pergola, and under the shade, reducing solar radiant heat by 20% to 30%. The design of cowshed must not only be conducive to winter insulation, but also conducive to ventilation and cooling in summer. Household free-range households can construct simple arbors according to local conditions to ensure that each cow has a shaded area of ​​3.7 to 5.6 square meters. If you use a quail feeding system, please do not leave the cows exposed to the sun for a long time under the shade.
Strengthen convection ventilation. Installing a fan in the cowshed to enhance mechanical ventilation and accelerating air flow can remove more calories from the cow's body and help reduce heat stress. The fan is installed at a height of 2 meters from the back of cattle and 20 to 30 degrees slope from the ground. It is advisable to select the appropriate power to keep the wind speed above 120 to 180 meters per minute.
Strengthen environmental greening. The greening of the farms and surrounding areas will not only help to purify the air, but also reduce the ambient temperature. According to reports, when the summer temperature in the same area is 27.5°C, the surface temperature of the grass is 22 to 24.5°C, which is 3 to 6°C lower than that of bare ground.
Shower set. During the hot summer, you can cool the cows through the shower. Intermittent showers with large drops of water are the best, with large drops of water being sprayed from the top, each spraying for 30 seconds, and intermittent for 4.5 minutes. At the same time, the fan is turned on to dry the body surface, taking away body heat is conducive to cooling. Water droplets can be prevented from contaminating the breast and repeated every 5 minutes for 30 minutes. According to the degree of heat stress of dairy cows, the interval of spraying cycles is determined. Spraying sites can be selected above the food tank (not wet feed), sports ground, waiting area, exit of the milking parlor, etc. The sprayed ground should be concrete floor.
Adjust the operating procedure. Appropriately adjust the schedule, advance the time for early feeding, postpone late feeding, and extend the time for early feeding and late feeding. It is advisable to have adequate daily food supply throughout the night. During the hot noon, the cows should be kept in the barn or in the pergola with cooling facilities. Reduce the density of dairy cows in the area to be squeezed, speed up milking operations and reduce the time for cows to stay in the milking parlor.
Adjusting dietary nutrient heat stress leads to a decrease in dry matter intake of dairy cows, which can compensate for the nutritional deficiencies caused by reduced feed intake by increasing the nutrient concentration of the unit diet. Usually increase the energy and protein level in the diet by 10% to 12%; increase the amount of concentrate feed by 1 to 2 kilograms per head, but the dry matter content of the concentrate feed should not exceed 60%; add 0.75% to 1.5% of bicarbonate Sodium, 0.35% to 0.4% magnesia rumen buffer. The addition of 0.3% potassium chloride, supplemental loss of body fluid leads to a lack of potassium. Secondly, add 300 grams of ruminal fat, but the content of dietary fat should not exceed 6%. Supplement vitamins A, D, and E, supplement 30 micrograms organic chromium per kilogram of concentrate. In addition, hot summer heat causes cows to increase their water requirements, and it is necessary to ensure that cows have sufficient, clean and cool drinking water.
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